ldg;a fydfrka wms yefudau lrk krl foaj,a 12 la

fï lshkak hkafka wms yefudau wks;a whg fydfrka lrk foajla álla .ekhs'fï foaj,a wms yefudau lrkjd'ta;a ljqre;a m%isoaÈfha lshfka kï kE'tajd tfyu lshk mqÆjka foajÆ;a fkfï'fï lshkak hk foaj,a Tlafldau Thd fkdlr;a tlla yß Thd wksjdfrkau lrkjd'tal Thdf.a y¾OIdlaIshg tl.j n,kak'

01'Thd wks;a whg fydfrka Thdf.a kyh ydrkjd'

02'Thd kshfmd;= lmkjd'ta;a tajd we;=f,a ;sfhk l=Kq iqoao lrfka wks;a whg fydfrka'

03'Thd fgdhs,Ü tlg hkak úkdä 5la .kakjd kï"Thd fgdhs,Ü tfla úkdä úiaila 4ka tl mdúÉÑ lr lr bkakjd'

04'Thd f*ianqla hkfldg Thdf.a lïmshqg¾ tl Èyd ljqre yß n,df.k bkakjd kï Thd hdÆfjd;a tlal peÜ fkdlr fjk jevla lrkjd'

05'Thd Thdf.a lduf¾ ;sfhk l=Kq w;=.dkak lïue,s ksid ll=f,ka tajd whska lrkak yokjd'
06'Thd kdkfldg W!frka jf.a kyh iQrkjd'

07'ljqre;a ke;sfj,djg ;kshu isxÿ lshkjd'^ t;fldg ysf;kafka ta lshk isxÿj ta .dhlhg jvd fydog wms lshkj lsh,d'&

08'ljqre;a ke;sfj,djg jd;hla .sfhd;a tal i;=áka msg lrkjd'^lsisu nhla ielh ke;=j'&

09'kslka bkakfldg f;d, ymkjd'

10'hg weÿï fidaokafka kE'^fïl jeämqr lrkafka .Ekq ,uhs &

11'Thdf.a fnâYSÜ tl Thd fidaokafka f.dvla ldf,lska'ta;a yeuodu tal fmrjf.k ksod.kakjd'^ tal ?g ú;rla ´ksfjk ksid&

12';kshu bkakfldg l,siu wiaig w; odkjd'

fïjd fndreo lsh,d Thd Thdf.kau wy,d n,kak'Thd wksjdfrkau fï foaj,a lrkjd'

ms,sldfõ uq,a wjÈh fmkakqï lrk frda. ,laIK 5la

ms<sld ;;ajhla Yßrh ;=, j¾Okh úug mgka .;a wdrïNl wjÈfhaÈu tu ;;ajh yÿkd .eksug yelskï ms<sldj ioyd id¾:lj m%;sldr l< uels njhs ffjoHjreka mjikafka' kuq;a wjdikdjlg tu frda.s ,laIKhka fudkjo hkak ms<snoj iudkH ck;dj oekqj;a keye'

weußldfõ ffjoHjreka ;srkh lr ;sfnkjd fuu ,laIKhka ms<snoj idukH ck;dj oekqj;a lsßug' weußldkqjka muKla fkdfõ úfoia rgj, fjfik ck;djo oekqj;a lsßu Tjqkaf.a wruqkhs' Tnf.a Yßrfhkq;a fuu ,laIKhka o¾YKh fjkjdkï ms<sld ;;ajhla je<Èug hï yelshdjla ;sfnka‍jd' Yßrh ;=, ms<sld ;;ajhla we;s nj yd th l%ula l%ufhka úlikh jk nj o¾YKh lr isák b;du;a jeo.;a ,laIKhka 5la ms<snoj my;ska Tng oek.kakg mq¿jka'

^1& ÿn, m%;sYla;slrKh * ksrka;rfhka oefkk f;fyÜgq .;sh" ÿ¾j, lu yd ksÈu; iajNdjh" udkisl t>%;djh iyd wjOdkula ke;s nj

^2& Tlaldrh iyd wdydr wkqNjhg we;s leue;a; ke;sj hEu

^3& Yßrfha we;eï ia:dkhka widukH f,i bÈñu ^ ms<sldjl n,mEula fya;=fjka we;eï Ydßßl fldgia bÈfukakg yelshdj ;sfnkjd &

^4& Yßrfha we;eï fldgia iam¾Y lsßfuÈ iudkH iajNdjh blsujd .sh oeä iajNdjhla oeksu'

^5& ysi flia jeáu

by; olajd we;s ,laIKhka ms<Sld ;;ajhla ms<sn| wk;=re w.jd isák ,laIKhka nj yÿkd f.k ;sfnkjd' kuq;a thska woyia lrkafka kE Tng ms<sld ;;ajhla je,È we;s nj' fudlo fjk;a frda.hl n,mEula fya;=fjka by; i|yka lrk ,o ,laIKhka Yßrfha o¾YKh fjkakg mq¿jka' fldfyu kuq;a by; lS ,laIKhka Tnf.a Yßrfhka o¾YKh fjkjdkï ffjoHjrhl= yuq ù ms<sld ;;ajhla mj;skjdo keoao hkak ;yjqre lr .kak'

Tfí kshfmd;=j,ska YÍrfha we;s frda. ,laIK oek.kafka fufyuhs

we;s ú ;sfnk nrm;, fi!LHh .eg¿ ms,snoj wk;=re w.jd isáfï iqúfYaIs yelshdjla kshfmd;= j,g ;sfnkjd' m¿ÿ iys; kshfmd;=" me,a,ï iys; kshfmd;=" wl%uj;a njlska hq;= kshfmd;= b;du;a >kg msysgd we;s kshfmd;= iyd j¾Kfha fjkila we;s kshfmd;= u.ska mejfikafka b;du;a nrm;, wNHka;r fi!LHh .eg¿jla Tng we;s njhs'

^1& kshfmd;= j¾Kh

Tnf.a kshfmd;= iqÿ iyd frdai j¾Kfhka hqla;hs kï th fi!LHh iïmkak ;;ajhls' jhig m;aúfï ,laIKhla jYfhka kshfmd;= l¿ j¾Kfhka hq;a wÿre meye;s ,m we;s fjkakg mq¿hka tajf.au' l¿ meye;s ;s;aj,ska iukaú; kshfmd;= y¾ofrda. wjodkula ms,snoj wk;=re w.jdf.k isákjd fjkak mq¿jka' rla; j¾K kshfmd;= yoj;a wdidokhla ms,snoj mjid isák i,l=kla fjk w;r fld< meye;s kshfmd;= j,ska mejfikafka Tng je,È we;s nelaáßhd wdidokhla ms,snojhs'

^2& m¿ÿ iys; kshfmd;=

fifrdaishia keue;s p¾u frda.h kshfmd;= j,ska wdrïN fjkakg bv ;sfnk nj fydÈka u;l ;nd .kak' ta i|yd ishhg 10l muK wjia;djla ;sfnkjd' úgñka is" f*da,sla weisâ iyd fm%daáka W!k;djh ksido Tfí kshfmd;= j, m¿ÿ ú we;s iaNdjhla yg.kakg mq¿jka'

^3& >k kshfmd;=

kshfmd;= >kg msysgd ;sìu iajdNdúl fyda iudkH ;;ajhla kï fkdfõ' Tfí kshfmd;= b;du;a >kj msysgd ;sfnkjdkï fmky¿ wdY%s; hï fodaIhla Tng ;sfnkakg bv ;sfnkjd' ta jf.au Tfí Yßrfha reêr ixirKh l%uj;aj isÿfkdúu ksido fujeks ;;ajhla kshfmd;= j, we;sfjkakg yelshdj ;sfnkjd' /<s.eiqKq >k kshfmd;= úiska hsiaÜ wdidok ;;ajhla Tng je<È we;s nj mjid isákjd fjkakgo mq¿jka'

^4& /<s.eiqkq kshfmd;=

fujeks /<s.eiqkq kshfmd;= j,ska w.jd isákafka fifrdaishia keue;s p¾ufrda.h fyda auto)immune frda.s ;;ajhla Tng je,È ;sfnk nj fjkakg mq¿jka' tjeks frda.s ;;ajhla ysiflia jeáu i|yd fya;=fjkjd'

^5& jl.eis we;s fndl=gq yevfha kshfmd;=

Tfí kshfmd;= yekaola fuka fndl=gq ú ;sfhkjdkï bka Tng m%ldY lr isákafka hlv W!k;djhla fyda yoj;a fodaIHla fjkakg mq¿jka'

fujeks wdldrfha ,laIKhka Tfí kshfmd;= j,ska Èiafjkjdkï l,n,hg m;a fkdú ffjoHjrfhl= yuq ú ta ms,snoj mßlaId lr n,kak' fudlo widudkHh iajNdjfhka hq;= kshfmd;= we;s ú ;sfnk nrm;, frda.s ;;ajhka ms,snoj m%ldY lrk i,l=Kq úug bv ;sfnkjd'

Tnj ìhm;a lrjk f,a jukh

f,a jukh ùu fndfyda frda.skaf.a is;a l,n,hg m;a lrkakd jQ frda. ,la‌IKhls' wdydr ud¾. moaO;sfha uq,a fldgi jk uqL l=yrh" wkakfi%da;h ^.,kd,h&" wdudYh iy l=vd wka;%fha fmr fldgi jk .%yKsh keu;s ia‌:dk j,ska reêrh jykh jqjfyd;a f,a jukh úh yel' iuyr úg jukh úu;a iuÛu leia‌ila‌o we;s jk neúka fuf,i msg;g meñfKk reêrh msgjQfha wdydr ud¾. moaO;sh wdY%s;j fyda fmkyÆ iy ia‌jik moaO;sh wdY%s;jo hkak" leia‌i;aa iuÛ f,a jukh jQ úg fidhd .ekSu wiSre fõ' wdudYfha we;s wdï,sl hqI u.ska r;= meye;s reêrh ÿUqre meye .ekafjk w;r th ia‌jik ud¾.fhka isÿjqjfyd;a th idudkH f,a r;= meyehla‌ .kakd fyhska fuf,i fjkalr y÷kd.; yelsfõ'

wdydr ud¾. moaO;sfha Wv fl,jßka reêrh jykh ùu ia‌j,am f,i isÿjk úg f,a jukh ùula‌ isÿfkdúh yel' túg wiqÑ l¿ meyeù ;sîu muKla‌ ola‌kg ,efí' tkuq;a reêr jykh wêl fõ.fhka isÿjqjfyd;a" wdudYh ;=< tl;= ù ;sî" tla‌jru f,a jukh we;súh yel' fuúg reêrh ÿUqre meyeùug wu;rj" wdudY%s; hqI u.ska reêr leá .eia‌ùuo wvd, lrkq we;' f,a jukh ùu tla‌jrla‌ muKla‌ fyda ia‌j,am f,i isÿjqjo" wdudYfha we;s wêl Odß;dj ksid" fuh ;=< jeä reêrh m%udKhla‌ tl;= ù ;sìh yel' tneúka ia‌j,am f,i f,a jukh isÿjqjo" jyd ffjoH Wmfoia‌ ,nd.ekSu w;HjYH nj u;lfha ;nd .kak'

f,a jukh ùu fya;= .Kkdjla‌ ksid isÿúh yel' wdydr ud¾. moaO;sfha ;=jd,ùula‌ isÿjqjfyd;a reêrh jykh ù" f,a jukh úh yel' uqL l=yrfhka reêrh jykh ùu;a" kdia‌l=yrfha msgqmiska reêrh jykh ùu;a fya;=fjka reêrh .,kd,h Tia‌fia wdudYhg f.dia‌ reêrh tla‌ù" miqj f,a jukh úh yel' ;jo .,kd,fha wdidÈ; ;;a;ajhla‌ we;sùg§ fyda .,kd,h ;=jd,ù fyda ms<sldjla‌ we;súg§o fuf,i reêrh jykh ù" wdudYh ;=< tl;=ù" miqj f,a jukh úh yel' tkuq;a .,kd,h wdidOkh ù we;súg§ fyda ms<sldjla‌ we;súg§" wdydr wkqNj lrk úg th .,kd,h ;=< ysrjk wmyiq;djhg jvd nyq,ju ola‌kg ,efnk frda. ,la‌IKhhs' wdydr wÔ¾K ;;a;ajhl§ fyda fjkhï frda.s wjia‌:djl§ lsysm jrla‌u ;Èka jukh ùuo nyq,ju ola‌kg ,efnk isoaêhla‌ jk w;r" fuf,i lsysmjrla‌u jukh jk úg§ .,kd,fha w. fl,jr ;=jd,ùu isÿúh yel' tneúka fuu wjia‌:dfõ§ isÿjk jukh iu.o reêrh ñY%ù ;sìh yel' wla‌udj" isfrdaishd ;;a;ajhg m;ajQúgo f,a jukh isÿjk nj wm ljqre;a okakd lreKls' fuf,i isÿjkqfha wla‌udfõ we;s r¿ ia‌jNdjh fya;=fjka .,kd,h w. fl,jfrys we;s Ysrd reêr kd,sld fmdl=re fuka bÈó mqmqrd heuhs' fuh nyq,ju ola‌kg ,efnk frda.s wjia‌:djla‌ jk w;r" fuúg we;sjk reêr jykhùu md,kh lsÍu mjd b;d wiSre fõ'

wdudYh ;=< we;sjk ;=jd, fndfyda ÿrg wdï,sl hqI i%djh wêl ùu ksid isÿfõ' fuh uq,ska .eia‌g%hsáia‌ f,io miqj ;=jd, jQ úg fmmaála‌ ;=jd, f,io y÷kajkq ,nhs' fuúg isÿjk reêr jykh ksid f,a jukhùu b;d l,d;=rlska isÿjk w;r fndfydaúg isÿjkafka wiqÑ l¿ meyeùuhs' óg wu;rj ;=jd,ùu ksid Worfha Wv fldgfia oeú,a,la‌ f,i fõokdjo we;sfõ'

wdudYfha ms<sld ;;a;ajhka ksido f,a jukh úh yel' ta iuÛu wdydr wreÑh " Worfha fõokdj" YÍrh isyska ùu" wm%dKsl .;sh iy wiqÑ l¿ meyeùu wdudYfha ms<sldj, wfkl=;a frda. ,la‌IKhs'

óg wu;rj reêrh leá lrk l%shdodufha hïlsis fjkila‌ we;sjk frda.s ;;a;ajhla‌ we;s jQ úgo f,a jukhùu oelsh yel' óg lÈu ksoiqkla‌ jkafka fvx.= frda.hhs' fuúg reêrh leá .eiSu i|yd wjYHh lrk reêr mÜ‌áld ixLHdj wvqùfuka wdudYh ;=<g reêrh jykh ù" ÿUqre meye;sj f,a jukh isÿúh yel'

f,a jukh we;s wjia‌:dfõ§" uqL l=yrh Tia‌fia tkafvdia‌fldms keu;s leurdj iys; ngh we;=,alsÍfuka wjYHh frda. úksYaph ,nd .; yel' fï i|yd frda.shdj isys ke;s lsÍu wjYHh ke;' tkafvdia‌fldmsh ud¾.fhka frda. úksYaph muKla‌ fkdj" iuyr reêrh jykh jk ia‌:dkj,ska reêrh jykh ùu mjd keje;aúh yels Wml%u Wmfhda.s lr.; yel' tneúka ia‌j,am f,i fyda f,a jukh jQ ú.iu ffjoH Wmfoia‌ ,ndf.k" ksis frda. úksYaph iy reêr jykh ùu iukh lr.ekSu Tn i;=fõ'

b;du;a ÿ¾,n Wmka ,m 5la

Wmka ,m ke;s flfkla fydhd.kak ke;s ;rï'wms yefudagu Wmka ,m ;sfhkjd'ta;a fï lshkak hk Wmka ,m f.dvdla widudkH õÈfya tajd álla'fï úÈfya widudkH Wmka ,m we;sfjkakg ;sfnk bvlv ;sfnkafka f,dal ck.ykfhka ishhg 3lg mukhs'

ol=kq kef.kysr Ökfha Ôj;afjk fï ñksidg ñksiqka l;dlrkafka Ñkamkaishd lsh,d'ta fudlo lsh,d Thd,g 4fgda tl oelalu f;afrkak we;sfka'fuhd neÆ ne,aug ukqiaifhla jf.a fmfkkafka kE'Tyqf.a isref¾ jeämqru ;sfhkafka fï Wmka ,mh'

fuhdf.a ku fldkS f,dhsâ'.eyeKq ,ufhla'fuhdg jhi wjqreÿ 2hs'fuhdf.a Wmka ,fma ;sfhfka kdifha'ta;a oeka kï tal kE' ffjoahjreka i,ah‍h l¾uhlska tal bj;a lrd'

fcda¾Ê wIauka lshk fï ,uhdf.a k,f,a Wm;skau fï ,mh ;snqkd'miqj i,ahl¾uhlska fuh bj;a lrkq ,enqjd'

fuhd .Ekq ,ufhla'fuhdf. fï Wmka ,fma wef.ka ishhg 70 la ú;r ;sfhkjd'fuh b;du;a ÿrN .kfha Wmka,mhla lsh, ;uhs ffjoahjre lshkafka'fïl i,ahl¾uhlska bj;a lsÍug wmyiqhsÆ'

fuhd bfka Ñkfha jhi wjqreÿ 8hs'fuhdf.a fï Wm ,mh uqyqfkka iïmQ¾K nd.hlau wdjrkh fjkjd'fuhdf.a fï Wmka ,fma lÆmdg >K ysiflia j¾okh fj,d ;sfhkjd'ෛjo‍hjre fuhdf.a fï Wmka ,mh wÈhr 4lska bj;a lsÍug ie,iqï lr ;sfhkjd

uq;%d î l=Kq lk frdfnda flfkla

ñksia uq;%d j,ska lgh;= lrk kj frdfnda hka;%hla ksmojhs'

tx.,ka; iriúhl m¾fhaIlhska  msßila úiska fuu kj fidhd .ekSu isÿ lr we;s w;r fuys§ lD;%suj ;ekq yoj;la jeks wjhjhlg ñksia uq;% iemhSu  u.ska úÿ,sh W;amdokh lsÍula isÿ flf¾'

tu úÿ,sfhka fuu frdfnda hka;%h l%shd;aul jk nj m¾fhaIlfhda mji;s' ;jo Bg wu;rj iudkH ñksia mßfNdackfhka bj; ,k wmo%jHho fuu frdfnda hka;%hg fhdod yels nj m¾fhaIlfhda mji;s'fï wkqj krlajq t<j¿ iy m<;=re"wmsßisÿ c,h fï wd§ ish,a,lskau fuu frdfnda hka;%hg úÿ,sh Wlamdokh lr .ekSug fhdod .; yels nj Tjqyq fmkajd fo;s'

f,dj ,dnd,;u uj ^jhi wjqreÿ 5hs &

wef.a ku ,Skd fuäkd'weh jhi wjqreÿ 5la udi 7la iy Èk 21 § orefjla ìyS l,d'fï ksid weh ffjoah b;sydifha ,dnd,;u uj f,i i,lkq ,nkjd'

Ticrapo" fmare § Wm; ,enQ fuäkdf.a Worh jhi wjqreÿ 5fya§ úYd, fjkakg mgka f.k ;sfnkjd'bka miq wef.a foudmshka wehj frday,g f.k.sh miq wef.a Worfha f.ähla we;s nj ffjoahjre mjid ;sfnkjd'miqj l, mßlaIkhlÈ weh .eíf.k we;s nj Tjqka yÿkdf.k ;sfnkjd

1939 uehs 14 jk Èk iSi¾lsÍula u.ska weh msßñ orefjla ìys lrd

wef.a ùäfhdajla my;ska n,kak'

le,alshqf,agrhg jvd fõ.fhka .Kka yok ñksid

iafldÜ *a,Ekaian¾.a jk fudyqg ñksiqka l;d lrkafka udkisl le,alshqf,agrh hk wkqj¾;kdufhka'Regis Philbin úiska udkj le,alshqf,agrh hkqfjka kïl," Tyq 2001 § udkisl .Kkh lsÍfï fõ.h i|yd .skia f,dal jd¾;d fmd;g Tyqf.a ku we;=,a l<d'

iafldÜ *a,Ekaian¾g tl;=lsÍu"wvqlsÍu".=klsÍu"fn§u fï yeu tllau idudkH le,alshqf,agrhlg jvd fõ.fhka lrkak mqÆjka'Tyq oekg f,dal .Ks;h Èk i|yd jd¾Isl i;aldrl iy ;dkdm;s ;k;=ro orkq ,nkjd'

Tyq .skiajd¾;dj msysgjQ ùäfhdaj my;ska n,kak'




fujka wmQ¾j yelshdjka we;s ñksiqka ms,snoj bÈßfha§ wm Tnj oekqj;a lrkjd'È.gu wm iu. /§isákak'Tfí oekqu jeälr.kak"Èkm;du wfma íf,d.a wvúhg msúfikak'

f,dj È.u weianeñ ;sfnk mqoa.,hd

ksõ fhda¾la ys Saranac j, Ôj;afjk *a?kala wdïiaf.a ku .skia fmd;g tl;=jqfka wmQre fya;=jla ksid'ta thdf.a weianeñ widudJh f,i Èla úu ksid'fuhd weianeïj, È. fikaáñgr 9'6la'2003 § Tyqf.a ku f,dj È.u weianeñ ysñ mqoa.,hd f,i .skia fmd;g tl;= jqkd'

f,dj È.u kdih ;sfnk mqoa.,hd

wfma íf,d.a wvúh u.ska f,dj õYd,u iy È.u YÍr wjhj we;s mqoa.,hska Tng yÿkajd ÿkakd'wo wm Tng lshkak hkafka f,dj È.u kdih ysñ mqoa.,hd .ek'fuhdf.a ku fuyauÜ Tiahqfrla'fuhd bkafka ;=¾lsfha'fuhd bmÈ,d ;sfhkafka 1949 §'fuhdf.a kdih w.,a 4'5 la È.hsÆ'^ fikaáógr 8'8 la'&'2007 cQ,s 6 fjkaod fuhdf.a ku .skiafmd;g we;=,;a lrkq ,enqjd'ta f,dj È.u kdih ysñ mqoa.,hd f,i'

Tyqf.a pdhdrEm lsysmhla my;ska n,kak'

fndre lshk wh w,a,kak mqÆjka l%u 4la

wdorh lrk" wdorh ú¢k iy újdy ù isák fndfyda fofklag wúYajdih" ielh iy fndre lSu úYd, .eg¿jla njg m;a fj,d ;sfhkjd'

úfYaIfhka ldka;d m¾Yjhg ish ieñhd" wdorjka;hd ;ukag fndre lshkjdo hkak oek .ekSug l%uhla fkdue;sùu .eg¿¿la' th újdyl mqoa.,hskag iu fmïj;=kag o tf,iu n,mdk .eg¿jla'

tfy;a Tjqka fndre lshkjd o keoao hkak oek .ekSug yelshdj we;s nj Tn okajd o@ Tjqkaf.a yeisÍï rgdfjka th y÷kd .; yels l%u mj;S' ta fukjdo hkak oek .ksuq'

01'fõ.fhka l;d lsÍu

fuh fndre lshk fndfyda fofkla ;=<ska oelsh yels h' tfy;a fndre lSug wdrïN lrkúg Tjqka l;dj wdrïN lrkafka b;d u fiñks' uka o ta jkúg ukd f,i fndrej ixúOdkh lrf.k fkd;sîu ksidfjks' tfy;a fndrej ksis f,i ixúOdkh lr f.k iy ukd f,i f.d;df.k ;sîfuka wk;=re j fjkod l;d lrk iajrEmhg jvd fõ.fhka l;d lsÍug mgka .kS' Bg fya;=j ;uhs fndrej lshkafka hï mSvkhla iu.sks' ta W;aidy lrkafka yels blaukska tu mSvkfhka bj;alr oeóuhs'ta fj,djg Thd thdf.ka fmdä fmdä m%Yak lsysmhla wy,d n,kak't;fldg thdg wksjdfrkau ;ryd hkjd'

02'jpk Ndú;h

fndrejla lSfï ;j;a tla ,laIKhla f,i jpk Ndú;fha § meg,s,s iy.; njla olakg ,efí' fndfya wjia:dj, § w;S; ld, j¾;udkld, mg,jñka l;d lsÍu olakg ,efí' úfYaIfhka mqoa.,hska ye¢kaùfï § fjkodg jvd fjkia njla kqmqreÿ njla oekS hkakg mq¿¿ka'ta jf.au ;uhs l;dlrkúg udj úIajdi lrkak"fï fndrejla fkfï"fï we;a;uhs jf.a jpk Ndú;dlrkjd'

03'uqyqfka bßhõ u.ska

uqyqK yryd ishqï yeÛSï iïfma%IKhjk nj fidhd .kq ,enfõ óg jir .Kkkdjlg by;§ h' ia;%S mqreI" iqÿ l¿" ;reK uy¿ wd§ lsisÿ fNaohlska f;dr j fï yeÛSï uqyqKska m<jk nj m¾fhaIlhska úiska fidhdf.k ;sfí' ksoiqkla f,i lg fldKlska iskdiSu fndrelSfï ,laIKhla f,i fmkajd Èh yels h' tys ienE f;areujkafka ud uf.a fndrej iqug f,i ienEjla nj fmkajQjd hkakhs'

04'blaukska bj;g hdug wjYHùu ^ l,n,ùu &

fndrejla lSug W;aidy lrk mqoa.,hd yels blaukska wod, ia:dkfhka msg j hdug lghq;= lrhs' úúO m%Yak ke.Sfuka wmyiq;djhg m;aùu j<lajd .ekSu tys wruqKhs' tfia u l;d lrk w;=r;=r § ;u uqyqK iÛjd .ekSug;a oEi foi ne,Sfuka je<lS isàug;a iq,N j olakg ,efí' fndrejla mjik nj oekqk úg È.ska Èg u Tyq ms<sn| ke.=Kq ielh iïnkaOfhka È.ska È.g u m%Yak lrkafka kï Tyqf.ka fyda wehf.ka hï f;dr;=rla oek .ekSug yels h'

flfia jqj o fuu lreKq u; muKla mokï fkdù Tyq fyda weh fndre lshk njg ks.ukh fkdlrkak' 

16 fofklag ksod.kak mq¿jka l=re¿ l+vqjla

l=re¿ l+vqjl Ôj;ajkak ñksiaiqkag yelshdjla ;sfí o hkak jgyd .; fkdyels lreKls' tfy;a l=re¿ l+vqj iemj;a u ;ekla nj f,dj fndfyda fokdf.a woyi h' fuh h;;d¾:hla njg m;a lrñka Merav Salush Eitan iy Gaston Zahr hk fofokd úiska ñksiqkag ksod.; yels l=re¿ ihkhla ks¾udKh lr we;'
l=re¿ leoe,a,la f,i fmfkk fuh mhska ,Sfhka ksujd we;' ì;a;r yeve;s iemj;a fldÜgj,ska o hqla; h' fuu ihkh úúO ,el¾ j¾Kj,ska o ,nd .; yels nj jd¾;d fõ'
fuu we|ka m%udK 04lska hqla; w;r úYd, u wef|a  mqoa.,hka 16 fofkl=g ksod .; yels h'

,la rE /ðKla jQ ckm;s wd¾hdjf.a ÿ¾,N pdhdrEm lsysmhla iy ùäfhdajla

ckm;s wd¾hd Ysrka;s úl%uisxy rdcmlaI uy;añh l,la ,la rE /ðK o  jqkd' weh 1973 jif¾ f,dal rE /ðK ;r.h o ksfhdackh l<d'
Ysrka;s úl%uisxy rdcmlaI uy;añh tu ;r.hg iyNd.S jQ merKs ÿ¾,N ùäfhdajla iy pdhdrEm lsysmhla my<ska krUkak'





weh 1973 f,dal rE /ðk ;r.fha §''

leurdjg wNsfhda. lrmq ukqiaifhla

iaàjka ú,aÜYh¾ lshkafka ) ´áiï ) lshk udkisl f,fâ ;shk ;reKfhla' t;a iaájkag wuq;=u yelshdjla ;shkjd' ta ì,aäka.aia u;lfhka wÈk tl'

fmdä ldf,a b|ka iaàjka l;d lf,a keye' ta ´áiï ksid'ta;a thdg w¢kak ;sín yelshdj yefudaju mqÿu l,d' thdg ì,aäka.a tlla Èyd ál fj,djla n,df.k bkak ú;rhs ´fka' leurd tlla jf.a thdf.a fudf,a ì,aäka.a tfla yeu úia;f¾u u;l ;shd.kakjd' Bg miafia thd tal .sys,a, ta úÈygu w¢kjd' ì,aäka tfla yefâ b|ka ;Ügq .dk fjklka thd yeu fmdä úia;f¾u yßhg w¢kjd'

iaàjka fmdä ldf,a l;dlrkafka ke;s fldg àp¾ia,d thdg l;d lrkak b.ekakqfõ Ñ;% j,ska' thdf.a Ñ;% wÈk fldf,a .;a;u thd ) fmam¾ ) lsh, lE.eyqjd' Bg miafia áflka ál thd wÆ;a jpk bf.k.;a;d'

iaàjkag ,enqK f,dl=u pef,kaÊ tl ;ud uqÆ ,kavka k.rhu u;lfhka w¢k tl' k.rh n,kak iaàjkag ,enqfka ñks;a;= 15l fy,sfldmag¾ rhsâ tlla' Bg miafia Ñ;%h bjr lrkak ,enqfka ojia 5hs'iaàjka ,kavka k.rh ta úÈygu wekaod'

Bg miafia f,dafla jfÜ ;shk f.dvla ;eka j, ,iaik Ñ;% wekaod' thdf.a yelshdjg thdg tï'î'B tll=;a ,enqkd' oeka iaàjkaf.a Ñ;% f,dafla jfÜu f,dl= f,dl= .kka j,g úlsfkkjd'

´áiï j,ska woy .kak neß yelshd ,efnk whg fï ñksia leurdj fjk iaàjka fydo WodyrKhla
yako

Tyqf.a ùäfhdajla my;ska krnkak'

whsia m,ï tfla b;sydih

whsia m,ï ke;a;ï fmdmaisl,a lshkafka f,dl= fmdä ljqre;a leu;s fohla' wfma rfÜ kï m%isoaOu fmdmaisl,a tl ;ud cïfnd fcd,s'

t;a f,dafla m,fjks fmdmaisl,a tl yeÿfõ lõo lsh, oek.kak leu;so@ tal lf,a wjqreÿ 11l fmdä ,ufhla' thdf.a ku *%Ekala tm¾iaka'

thd ojila wu;lfj, fidavd j;=r fldamamhlg Èh lrk ,S yekaola od,d f.or biaf;dmamqfõ od,d .shd' tod ? f.dvla iS;, jqkd' Wfoa ke.sg, neÆju *%Ekala f,dafla m,fjks fmdmaisl,a tl oelald' thd biai,a,u talg lsõfõ “tmaisl,a” lsh,d' wjqreÿ 18 la hklï *%Ekala fïl .ek ldg;a lsõfõ keye' thd thdf.a ,uhsg ú;rla fï ry whsia tmaisl,a tl yo, ÿkakd'

1923 wms yefudaf.u jdikdjg *%Ekala fmdmaisl,a tl fj<|fmd,g bÈßm;a l,d' tafla fmagkaÜ tllg;a whÿï lrd'

fmdä ,ufhl=f.a wu;lùula ksid f,daflg fï jf.a kshu fohla ,enqkd'

wo weußldfj fmdmaisl,a n%Ekaâia 30la ú;r ;sfhkjd' wjqreoaolg ì,shka folla ú;r fmdmaisl,a úlsfkkjd' fpß *af,aj¾ tl ;uhsÆ f.dvdla ckm%sh'

flfi,a .ek Tn fudkjo okafka@

flfi,a f.ä j, iSkS j¾. 3la ;shkjd' ta iqfl%daia" *%lafgdaia yd ,elafgdaia' fïjd ;sfhkafka ;ka;= tlal ne¢,d' tl flfi,a f.ählska by, È.= l,a mj;sk Yla;shla ,nd.kak mqÆjka' flfi,a f.ä follska ñks;a;= 90l tlai¾ihsia tllg wjYHh Yla;sh ,efnkjd' ta ksid ;ud f,dafla jfÜ bkak l%Svlhka w;r ckm%shu m,;=r;a flfi,a f.ä fjkafka' Yla;shg wu;rj flfi,a ;j f.dvla f,v wvq lrkak Woõ fjkjd'



1' äfm%Yka fyj;a wj;;sh'

uE;lÈ lrmq mÍlaYKhlg wkqj wj;;sfhka fmf,k f.dvla whg flfi,a f.ähla lEjg miafia i;=gq ysf;kjd' fïlg fya;=j flfi,a j, ;shk g%smafgd*ka' fï fm%daàkh weÛ we;=f,§ firfgdkska njg m;a fjkjd' firfgdkska udkisl wd;;sh wvq lr,d mqoa.,hdj i;=gq lrkjd'

2' hlv W!k;djh'

reêrfha ysfud.af,dìka ksYamdokh jeä lrkak flfi,a j, ;shk hlv j,g mqÆjka'

3' reêr mSvkh'

reêr mSvkh md,kh lrkak;a flfi,a j,g mqÆjka' ta flfi,a fmdgEishï by, fidaähï wvq lEula ksid' flfi,a f.ä lEfuka wê reêr mSvkh" iafg%dalaia jf.a foaj,a u.yrjd .kak mqÆjka'

4' udkisl Yla;sh'

tx.,ka;fha Üúlkaï biafldf,a ,uhs 200lg flfi,a f.ä Wfoa" oj,a yd Bg w;r fõ,dfõ yeuodu lkak §,d t.aiEï fyd|g lrkak Woõ lr,d ;sfhkjd' fïl lrkafka flfi,a j, ;shk fmdgEishï udkisl Yla;sh jeä lrk ksid'

5' u, noaOh'

fjk fnfy;a fm;s .kafka ke;=j flfi,a j, ;shk ;ka;= j,ska u, noaOh f,aisfhkau iqj lr.kak mqÆjka'

6'fjßnj'

fjß jqkdu blaukskau idudkHh ;;ajhg tkak mqÆjka f,aisu l%uh ;ud ó meKs ;shk flfi,a f.ä ñ,ala fYala tlla yok tl' flfi,a wdudYh ;ekam;a lrk .uka lsß uqÆ weÛgu Yla;sh fok w;r ó meKs reêr .aÆfldaia uÜgu h:d ;;ajhg m;a lrkjd'

7' yojf;a oeú,a,'

flfi,a f.ä wefÛa wdï,sl .;sh wvq lrkjd' fï ksid yojf;a oeú,a,g fydo m%;sldrhla'

8' .¾N” whg we;s fjk Wod wdndOh'

wdydr fõ,a w;r;=r flfi,a f.ä lEfuka Wod wdndOh wvq lr.kak mqÆjka'

9'uÿre ;=jd,'

flfi,a f,,af,a we;=,; fldgi uÿre ;=jd, j, .Eju f,dl= iykhla ,efnkjd'

10' udkisl wd;;sh yd l,n,h'

flfi,a j, f.dvla úgñka î ;shkjd' úgñka î iakdhq moaO;shg iykhla ,nd fokjd'' jevlrkfldg yß mdvï lrkfldg yß f.dvla l,n, .;sh oefkkjd kï fpdla,Ü jf.a foaj,a lkafka ke;=j flfi,a f.ähla lkak' yeu meh 2ka 2lg flfi,a f.ähla lk tflka uki l,n, lr.kafka ke;=j ;shd.kak mqÆjka'

11' w,ai¾ia fyj;a nvjef,a ;=jd,'

flfi,a f.ä lshkafka wdï,sl .;sh wvq" wdydr moaO;sfha f.dvla f,v j,g fyd| m,;=rla' fïfla iquqÿ nj talg tl fya;=jla' ta jf.au wdudYh we;=f,a fldgi ishqï j jy,d weúiaiSï jf.a foajÆ;a wvq lrkjd'

12' WIak;aj md,kh'

flfi,a f.ä wefÛa jf.au ukfia WIak;ajh wvq lrk m,;=rla' ;dhs,ka;fha .¾N” ldka;djka YÍr WIak;ajh wvq uÜgfuka nndj yïnfjkak flfi,a f.ä lkjd'

flfi,a f.ähl wem,a f.ählg jvd 4 .=Khla fm%dàka" 2 .=Khla ldfndayhsv%fÜ" 3 .=Khla f*diamria" 5 .=Khla úgñka ta iy 2 .=Khla wks;a úgñka yd ,jK ;shkjd'ta ksid we;a;gu fodia;r .djg hk tl wvq lrkak kï wem,a tllg jvd yeuodu flfi,a f.ähla lk tl ;ud fyd|'

meKs flduvq wdydrhg .ekSfuka Tng ,efnk mqÿu iy.; jdis 5la

meKs flduvq lshkafka wms yefudau okak b;du;a rij;a m,;=rla'meKs flduvq ùÿrejla mdkh lsÍfuka Tfí isrerg le,ß 46 ,efnkjd'ta jf.au ;uhs meKs flduvqj, úgñka A iy C wvx.= fjkjd'meKs flduvq wdydrhg .ekSfuka Tfí isrerg ,efnk jdis lsysmhla my;ska n,kak'

01'meks flduvq Tnf.a fud,fha Yla;sh j¾okh lrkjd'

Tn oek isáhdo meksflduvq Tnf.a fud,fha Yla;sh j¾okh lrk nj'@fuhg fya;=j meKs flduvqj, úgñka B6 wvx.= ùuhs'

02'Tnf.a isrer f;;aj ;nd.kak mqÆjka'

meks flduvqj j;=r nyq,j wvx.= fjkjd'fï ksid meks flduvq wdydrhg .ekSfuka oji mqrdu Tnf.a iu f;;aj ;nd.kak mqÆjka'

03'meks flduvq tl f.ähla wdyrhg .ekSfuka Tng ;lald,s f.â 40lska ,efnk fmdaYKh Tng ,efnkjd'

fï ksid Tng ms,sldj,ska wd¾laYdfjkak mqÆjka'

04'Tnf.a weia fmkSu j¾okh lrkjd'

flduvqj, úgñka A nyq,j we;s ksid Tnf.a weia j,g f.dvdla fydohs'fï ksid Tnf.a weia fmkSu j¾okh lrkak flduvqj,g mqÆjka'

05'Tnf.a isref¾ nr wvq lr.kak mqÆjka'

flduvqj, c,h nyq,j we;sksid Tnf.a isref¾ nr wvq lr.ekSug flduvq wdydrgh .ekSu m%fhdackj;a fjkjd'

.¾NdI follska ;=ka ksjqka orejka ìys l, f,dj m,uq ldka;dj'

ffjoHjre mjik wdldrhg f,dalfha ldka;djka 1000 lska tla wfhl=g .¾NdI 2la ne.ska msysgd ;sìh yelshs'kuq;a fuu .¾NdI foflkau orejka fofofkl=g jvd ìys l, fkdyelshs'kuq;a ffjoHjrekaf.a u;h mqÿuhg m;a lrñka wjqreÿ 27 la jhi Hannah Kersey lshk ldka;dj 2006§ ;=ka ksjqka ore Wm;la isÿl,d'Hannah Kersey f.a wïug"ifydaoßhka we;=Æ ldka;djka yefudagu .¾NdI fol ne.ska msysg,d ;sfhkjÆ'

ffjoHjre lshk wdlrhg fï úÈyg .¾NdI 2la msysgd we;s ldka;djlg orejka fofofkl=g jvd ìyslsÍug wjia;djla ,efnkafka ñ,shk 25 lska 1 la wfhl=g mukla njhs'

f,dj È.u Èj ;sfnk ldka;dj

fuhdf.a ku weksld ft¾ïf,¾ ^Annika Irmler&'fuhd c¾uka cd;sl ldka;djla'f,dj È.u Èj ;sfnk ldka;dj f,i fuhd .skiajd¾;d fmd;g tl;= fj,d ;sfhkjd'fuhdf.a Èfõ È. fikaáóg¾ 7la'oeka fuhdf.a jhi wjqreÿ 17 hs'fuhd kï lshkafka fuhdf.a fï È. Èfjka f.dvdla jdis ;sfhkjÆ'fuhdg whsia l%Sï tfyu lkak yßu f,aishsÆ'

f,dj È.u ll=,afol ;sfnk ldka;dj

fuhdf.a ku ^ Svetlana Pankratova & iafjÜ,kd mkal%fgdajd'fuhd bkafka reishdfõ'f,dj È.u ll=,afol ysñ ldka;dj f,i fuhd .skiajd¾;dfmd;g tl;=fj,d ;sfhkjd'fuhdf.a Wi fikaáógr 196la fjkjd'^wä 6hs w.,a 5la&'fuhdf.a ll=,afofla È. fikaáógr 132 la fjkjd'^wä 4hs w.,a 4hs &'ta jf.au ;uhs fuhdf.a ll=,a fol;a f.dvla f,dl=hs'ta ksid fuhdg yßhk im;a;= fydhd.kak;a wudrehsÆ'fuhd 1992 boka 1995 fjklka USA ndiaflÜ fnda,a lkavdhug;a fi,a,ï lr,d ;sfhkjd'

f,dj ñ, wÈlu Trf,daiq 10

1). Cartier Secret

fïfla jákdlu weußlka fvd,¾ ñ,shk 2'75 fjkjd'r;%ka"Èhuka;s iy f¾ähï j,ska ksujd we;s ksidu ;uhs fï Trf,daiqfõ jÜkdlau fï;rï jeã lsh, lshkakafka'fï Trf,daiqfõ mqxÉ mqxÑ Èhu;s lE,s 3010 la ;sfhkjÆ'

2). Patek Philippe 1953 Heures Universelles Model 2523

b;du;a okj;a mqoa.,hka w;f¾ kï fï Trf,daiqj f.dvdla ckm%shhs'fïl yo,d ;sfhfka 2006 jif¾'fïfla r;%ka lerÜ 18la ;sfhkjd'2006 jif¾ yomq fï Trf,daiqj ;du;a f,dj ñ, wÈlu Trf,daiq w;f¾ ;sfhkjd'fï Trf,daiqfõ jÜkdlu wußlka fvd,¾ ñ,shk 2'9la fjkjd'

3). Piaget Emperador Temple

fï Trf,daiqj;a f,dafla ñ, wÈlu Trf,daiq w;f¾ ;sfhk tlla'fïlg lshkafka Èhu;s Trf,daiqj lsh,d'Thd,g fmakjd we;s fïfla f.dvdla Èhu;s ;sfhkjd'fïfla fïjf.a ,iaiku ,iaik §ma;su;a Èhuka;s lE,s 481 la ;sfhkjÆ'oeka f;frkjks fkao wehs fï TrÆiqj fï ;rï ñ, wÈl lsh,d'

4). Patek Philippe 1928 Single Button Chronograph

fïl uq,skau yo,d ;sfhkafka 1928'uq,skau äihska lr,d ;sfhkafka iqÿ hlv j,ska'miafia fïl fj,ofmd,g tkfldg msßisÿ iqÿ r;%ka j,ska ;uhs yo,d ;sfhkafka'fïfla jákdlu fvd,¾ ñ,shk 3'6 ú;r fjkjd'fïfla jákdlug fya;=j f.dvla mrk fudv,a tlla ùu lsh, ;uhs lshkafka'

5). Patek Philippe Platinum world Time

f,dafla wxl tfla Trf,daiq yok wdh;khla jk Patek Philippe lshk wdh;kh ;uhs fï Trf,daiqj yo,d ;sfhkafka'ta 1939§'fïl yo,d ;sfhkafka f,dafla ñ, wÈlu f,dayh jk ma,eákï j,ska'fïfla jákdlu fvd,¾ ñ,shk 4'03 la ú;r fjkjd'

6). Louis Moinet Meteoris

fï Trf,daiqfõ jákdlu fvd,¾ ñ,shk 4'6 la ú;r fjkjd'wks;a Trf,daiqj,g jvd fïl álla úfYaI tlla'ta fïl yokak mdúÉÑlr,d ;sfhk wuqo%j‍h wfma mD;=úfha fydhd.kak kE'Asteroid" Meteorite iy Ancient meteorite lshk wuqo%j‍h Ndú;d lr,d ;uhs fï Trf,daiqj yo,d ;afhfka'

7). Hublot Diamond

fïfla jákdlu fvd,¾ ñ,shk 5la ú;r fjkjd'fïfla Èhuka;s 1200la ú;r ;sfhkjd'fïl;a f,dafla ñ, wÈlu Trf,daiq w;f¾ bkak tlla'

8). Patek Philippe 1527

fï Trf,daiqj yo,d ;sfhkafka 1943'fïfla jákdlu fvd,¾ ñ,shk 5'6 la ú;r fjkjd'fïfla r;%ka lerÜ 18 la ;sfhkjÆ'fïflka fj,dj n,kjg wu;rj io .uka lrk wdldrh iy Èk o¾Ikh n,d.kak mqÆjka'

9). Patek Philippe super complication

fïfla jákdlu fvd,¾ ñ,shk 11la fjkjd'fïfl;a rg%ka lerÜ 18 lg jeäfhka ;sfhkjd'wjqreÿ 5la ú;r fï Trf,daiqj äihska lr,d ;uhs wka;sfï§ 1933 § fj,ofmd,g od,d ;sfhkafka'

10). Chopard 201 Carat

fïl f,dj ñ, wÈlu Trf,daiqj lsh,d lsjqjg jrola kE'fudlo fïfla ñ, fvd,¾ ñ,shk 25 la'fmakjfka fïfla jfÜg ;sfhk Èhuka;s f.dv'tal ksidu ;uhs fïl fï ;rï ñ, wÈl fj,d ;sfhkafka'

Tn fuf;la Tn fkdÿgq wreu mqÿu foaj,a yeuodu olskak wfma íf,d.a wvúhg tkak'